How does the Gulf Stream affect the west coast of Europe in winter?

How does the Gulf Stream affect the west coast of Europe in winter?

• A. It warms winter temperatures by absorbing more heat from the sea
• B. It has no effect on winter ice along the coast
• C. It causes more frequent coastal storms in winter
• D. It keeps the coast free from ice in winter

Answer: (D)

The Gulf Stream is a warm ocean current that moves tropical water toward Europe. As this warm water reaches higher latitudes, it raises sea-surface temperatures along the west coast and heats the air above them. This warming keeps winter air and sea temperatures milder than they otherwise would be, which reduces the likelihood of sea ice forming along the coast. In short, the heat transported by the current keeps the coastal waters and nearby atmosphere warm enough to stay ice-free in winter.

The Gulf Stream is a warm ocean current that moves tropical water toward Europe. As this warm water reaches higher latitudes, it raises sea-surface temperatures along the west coast and heats the air above them. This warming keeps winter air and sea temperatures milder than they otherwise would be, which reduces the likelihood of sea ice forming along the coast. In short, the heat transported by the current keeps the coastal waters and nearby atmosphere warm enough to stay ice-free in winter.